Leonids Meteor Shower (Peak Time and Condition)

2021-03-09

In 1999 and 2002, great meteor storms were observed in the world. There were a lot of bright meteors because of the fastest geocentric velocity in all meteor showers.
In Radio Meteor Observation, there are a lot of long echoes because of the fast geocentric velocity. In 2001 and 2002, it was impossible to count the number of meteor echoes because observed data were covered with a lot of long echoes. On the other hand, however, it is too weak activity to catch and to determin the peak time of the Leonid activity in annual years.

Contents

1. Information of Leonids
- 1.1. Reference and Useful Links
2. Conditions in the future (2021-2025) for Radio Meteor Observations
- 2.1. Conditions in North America
- 2.2. Conditions in Other region
3. Results of Leonids by Radio Meteor Observations

Information of Leonids

Name (code)		Leonids (013 LEO)
Active	Visual(IMO)	Nov.6^th – Nov.30^th
Active	Radio(IPRMO)	Nov.15^th – Nov.20^th
Maximum	Visual(IMO)	λ_⊙=235°.27
Maximum	Radio(IPRMO)	– (not clear)
Radiant		α = 152° / δ = +22°
feature		ZHR(max):10-10000, r=2.5, V_∞:71km/s Radio) no detail information
Parant Comet		55P/Tempel-Tuttle

Reference and Useful Links

– 2021 Meteor Shower Calendar (International Meteor Organization)
– A new Working List of meteor showers (Rainer Arlt et al), WGN 34:3(2006)
– Meteor Shower Workbook 2014 (J.Rendtel) ? International Meteor Organization (2014)
– Major and Daytime Meteor Showers using Radio Meteor Observation in the World covering the period 2001-2016(H.Ogawa and C.Steyaert), WGN 45:4(2017)
– The American Meteor Society (AMS)

Conditions in the future (2021-2025) for Radio Meteor Observations

Below lists are observig conditions for radio meteor observers in 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025. This is listed for radio observers (NOT for visual observers). You can see visual observing conditions as following AMS site.
Conditions for Visual Observers (by AMS)

Conditions in North America

Time : Standard Time

Year	Peak Time and Condition (λ_⊙=235°.27)					Comments for Radio Obs.
Year	AST(ADT)	EST(EDT)	CST(CDT)	MST(MDT)	PST(PDT)	Comments for Radio Obs.
Year	Peak Time and Condition (λ_⊙=235°.27)
2021	Nov 17^th 13^h	Nov 17^th 12^h	Nov 17^th 11^h	Nov 17^th 10^h	Nov 17^th 09^h	western is better condition
2022	Nov 17^th 19^h	Nov 17^th 18^h	Nov 17^th 17^h	Nov 17^th 16^h	Nov 17^th 15^h	radiant under horizon
2023	Nov 18^th 01^h	Nov 18^th 00^h	Nov 17^th 23^h	Nov 17^th 22^h	Nov 17^th 21^h	better condition in western
2024	Nov 17^th 07^h	Nov 17^th 06^h	Nov 17^th 05^h	Nov 17^th 04^h	Nov 17^th 03^h	under best condition
2025	Nov 17^th 14^h	Nov 17^th 13^h	Nov 17^th 12^h	Nov 17^th 11^h	Nov 17^th 10^h	western is better condition

Major cities (example)
AST(Halifox, etc.), EST(NewYork,Ottawa, etc.), CST(Cicago, etc.), MST(Denver, etc.), PST(LosAngeles, etc.)

Conditions in Other region

Time : Standard Time (NOT daylight-saving time)

Year	Peak Time and Condition (λ_⊙=235°.27)				Comments for Radio Obs.
Year	GMT(UK)	CET(Italy)	IST(India)	JST(Japan)	Comments for Radio Obs.
Year	Peak and Condition (λ_⊙=235°.27)
2021	Nov 17^th 17^h	Nov 17^th 18^h	Nov 17^th 22^h	Nov 18^th 02^h	East Asia is best condition
2022	Nov 17^th 23^h	Nov 18^th 00^h	Nov 18^th 04^h	Nov 18^th 08^h	Central Asia is better
2023	Nov 18^th 05^h	Nov 18^th 06^h	Nov 18^th 10^h	Nov 18^th 14^h	best condition in Europe
2024	Nov 17^th 11^h	Nov 17^th 12^h	Nov 17^th 16^h	Nov 17^th 20^h	radiant under the horizon
2025	Nov 17^th 18^h	Nov 17^th 19^h	Nov 17^th 23^h	Nov 18^th 03^h	East Asia under best condition

GMT:United Kingdom, CET:Itarly, IST:India, JST:Japan

Results of Leonids by Radio Meteor Observations

Result of Leonids is recorded by worldwide radio meteor observers.
Result of Leonids

Posted by h-ogawa